POST-TEST

This exam consists of 28 test items. Please make sure that you have a complete copy of this exam.

Directions: For each of the following incomplete sentences, one or more of the completions given are correct. Circle the one lettered answer that is BEST for each test item. Bring the completed test with you and return it to the conference registration desk on Monday morning.

1. Complex humanitarian emergencies are defined by the presence of:

Levels of violence
Ethnic, minority, religious group at risk
Migration of populations
Catastrophic public health problems

1 & 2, only

1, 2, and 3 only

3 & 4

All of the above

2. Triage is

The sorting of patients according to their needs, arrival time and medical staff available

The treatment of patients according to their needs and depending on priorities established by triage officer, but independently of resources available

The sorting of patients into priority groups according to their needs and the resources available

The sorting of patients according to age, needs and resources available

The sorting of patients according to their needs and available medical personnel

3. Is there a special test or licensure for people doing humanitarian health work?

Humanitarian relief workers must be licensed by the SPHERE Humanitarian Global Board

The WHO Global Health Workforce Alliance requires all relief workers to have passed the SPHERE Standard of Relief Practice certifying exam.

There is a set of agreed upon core competencies for people doing humanitarian health work that serve as the basis for licensure of relief workers

There are licensure and scope of practice requirements for doctors and nurses that specifically provide for their humanitarian work

None of the above

5. The greatest threat to a relief worker’s well being is:

Disease

Poor security

Fatigue

Contaminated water

6. When planning to provide water in response to an emergency situation which of the following is/are a key consideration?

Superior quality has priority over sufficient quantity.

Protection of water sources.

Cleanliness of containers for transporting water.

B and C only

7. Which of the following interventions is NOT a priority during a humanitarian emergency, with regards to reproductive health?

Provide access to free condoms

Emphasize implementation of universal precautions

Conduct education campaigns targeting domestic violence and human trafficking

Ensure health services are available to survivors of sexual violence

8. During the early phase response, which of the following are included as part of the immunization health program:

Measles immunization

Immediate integration into the national Expanded Program of Immunizations

Identification of sources of meningococcal vaccine

A and C

All of the above

9. The individual's responsibility with regard to his/her personal security is based on:

Performing to established standards

Situation awareness

Accepting personal responsibility for safety

All of the above

10. Infants up to three years when separated from their primary caretaker exhibit which of the following symptoms:

1. Withdrawal
2. Irritability
3. Anorexia
4. Regression
5. Developmental delay

1 & 2 only

1, 2, and 3 only

3 & 4

All of the above

11. In extreme humanitarian emergencies, on which set of variables would you concentrate your initial effort:

Food, clean water supply and sanitation

Respiratory infections and tuberculosis control

Diarrheal diseases

A and C

12. Triage in the disaster environment is

Often aimed at matching resources to needs

Most often done at the field level

Is pre-planned and implemented upon arrival

A and C

A and B

13. In refugee situations one pit latrine should be provided for:

Every 10 persons

Every 20 persons

Every 30 persons

Every 40 persons

Every 50 persons

14. What is the ideal volume of water that should be provided per person per day in emergency situations?

52 liters

32 liters

20 liters

12 liters

5 liters

15. When a 6 month old infant must be fed on a breast milk substitute which method(s) are preferred for getting the breast milk substitute into him:

Bottle

Cup

Spoon

B and C

All of the above

16. Which of the following is true about HIV infection and breast-feeding?

Breast milk has been shown to transmit HIV

Maternal factors that may predispose to transmission of HIV through breast milk are high viral load, high CD4 count, and vitamin A deficiency.

Women who become acutely infected with HIV while breast-feeding are at higher risk for transmitting HIV to their baby through breast milk than women who were infected prior to delivery.

A and C

All of the above.

17. Post traumatic stress disorder in children who experienced a humanitarian emergency due to a natural disaster:

Occurs in less than 10% of children during the first four months.

Occurs in 30% of children during the first four months

Is more likely to occur in toddlers than in older children

Is frequently associated with obsessive compulsive disorder.

None of the above.

18. Which of the following are true statements with respect to children who lose their parents in a natural disaster?

Children do not comprehend that death is permanent until age 10.

School age children may hold themselves responsible for the deaths

Strongly encouraging children to talk about the deaths of their parents helps to overcome grief.

All of the above.

None of the above.

19. A classic basic food ration consists of:

Cereals + dry meat/fish + legumes

Cereals + milk + legumes

Cereals + legumes + oil

Dry meat + vegetables + legumes + milk

Legumes + cereals + vegetables

20. Important considerations in delivering a baby in a non-hospital setting include all of the following EXCEPT:

Frequent vaginal exams are important to monitor the progress of labor

Fever in a pregnant woman in the refugee setting is a serious sign and should be evaluated.

The baby should be delivered within 48 hours after the mother’s water is broken

If the baby’s umbilical cord emerges before the head, push the baby’s head back up into the uterus

21. You are seeing a 6 months old child from Bangladesh. His mother says that he has been having 8--10 episodes of vomiting, and 10-15 episodes of watery diarrhea. He also had fever of 39 degrees. She says that there are other infants in the camp with similar symptoms. The most likely diagnosis is:

Cholera

E. Coli

Shigella

Rotavirus

22. All of the following statements are true about International Humanitarian Law EXCEPT:

It protects persons who are not, or are no longer, taking part in hostilities

Oversight by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)

Dictates that medical professionals should not be compelled to carry out tasks which are not compatible with their humanitarian mission

Prioritizes the needs of children, pregnant and nursing women

Oversight by UN Human Rights Council

23. Which of the following interventions will maximize the survival of the newborn:

The identification of pregnant and post-partum women as vulnerable

Promotion of breast feeding, including secured rations for lactating women

The identification of local resources, including midwives, traditional healers and traditional birth attendants

A and C

All of the above

24. With regards to the Problem Based Learning (PBL) methodology, if any column (Facts – Hunches – Information & Learning Needed – Possible Action) is empty, it may be productive to:

Stop working on the problem till you can get help from an expert

Work as a group to think of corresponding items that would fit in empty categories

Ask the person with the most experience to fill in the blanks

Leave those columns out of the process and quickly move along

25. Which of the following statements is true?

Children who do not experience a disaster directly do not develop PTSD

Social media provides an excellent source of information in a disaster situation

Television coverage of disasters is likely to generate donations to help the children who are affected

Journalists who cover disasters are neutral about events they witness

26. You are seeing a 1 year old at a refugee camp in Burundi. Patient just arrived Congo due to political conflict. Mother is concerned because he has high fever and is vomiting. He has been very sleepy and lethargic and refusing to eat or drink. Mother says that he was completely fine before and got suddenly sick last night. On exam he was unresponsive and has a rash but no eye injection. Choose the right answer:

You suspect measles. Put him in isolation, give fluids and Vitamin A

Suspect tuberculous meningitis, refer him to hospital immediately

Suspect meningococcal meningitis, perform lumbar puncture and start IV ceftriaxone immediately, then refer to hospital.

Suspect a viral process, reassure mom start oral hydrating solution and give antipyretics.

27. Which of statement about schools and disasters is TRUE?

Children should not go back to the school where they might hear frightening stories from their friends

Children should be protected from unnecessary anxiety, and teachers should not have practice drills in the school environment that could frighten them.

The routine and schedule of resuming school activities early after a disaster with a trusted teacher can provide children with a sense of security.

Parents should keep their children away from school for as long as possible after a disaster.

28. Which of the following issues should be considered as a priority during the acute disaster phase with regards to gender based violence:

Clearly identified entrance to special clinic for victims of sexual violence

Separate restroom facilities far from the camp for females

Include women and adolescents in planning committees discussing camp security

Education for single men about the importance about using condoms